Cradle to Cradle (C2C) emphasizes which of the following?

Cradle to Cradle (C2C) is a sustainable design philosophy that focuses on the continuous cycle of materials, ensuring that products are not only designed for usability but also for their future impact after their life cycle. The core principle is that products should be created with their end-of-life in mind, meaning that they can be fully reclaimed or recycled without contributing to waste. A recycling plan for a product’s end life is fundamental in C2C, as it supports the idea that materials should circulate in a closed loop, thus minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency.

This approach promotes the notion that waste is a resource in the wrong place, encouraging designers to rethink product lifecycles. While reducing production costs, minimizing advertisements, and maximizing product lifespan are valuable business strategies, they do not encapsulate the essence of C2C, which is focused on the systemic management of materials and sustainability throughout the entire lifecycle of a product.